Treatment Methods
There have been significant advances in the treatment of the breast cancer in recent years. One of the most important developments is the increase in the breast cancer awareness and the diagnosis of early stage breast cancer. Another important development is the presentation of treatment options specific to the individual and designed according to the findings of each patient in the breast cancer. Today, not a single physician deals with the treatment of the breast cancer. The treatment of the breast cancer should be given to the patient by explaining all treatment options in detail and by ensuring the active participation of the patient in the treatment process in line with the decisions made by many specialties dealing with the breast cancer, which we call a multidisciplinary approach. With this approach, the patient is offered the most ideal treatment. These areas of specialization should be surgery, medical oncology, radiology, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology, plastic surgery and psychiatry.
In many patients, one or more of the chemotherapy, hormone therapy and radiotherapy options can be applied to the patient by starting the treatment with surgical treatment first together with the pathological results obtained after the surgery. In a group of patients, treatment is started with drug therapy before surgery and then surgical treatment is applied.
Surgery and radiation therapy (radiotherapy) in the breast cancer are aimed at providing local and regional control of the disease and drug therapy is
SURGERY
There are surgical approaches in the breast cancer can be defined as the removal of the cancerous tumor from the breast or the entire breast tissue containing cancer from the body. With the prevalence of breast cancer, the change in treatment methods, the increase in awareness and thus the diagnosis of the breast cancer in the early period, the development of individual-specific treatments in the treatment approach, surgical treatment approaches with high oncological safety, good aesthetic results, quality of life and patient’s psychology are important in recent years.
CHEMOTHERAPY
In the treatment of the breast cancer, there have been very important developments in recent years upon the knowledge of the breast cancer in detail. The most important of these developments is chemotherapy treatment, which has significant advantages in patient survival with different drug combinations in which individual-specific treatment is applied in the light of the information we have gained about the biology of the breast cancer.
RADIOTHERAPY
Radiotherapy (radiation therapy) is a form of treatment frequently applied in the breast cancer. It is applied to provide local regional control in the breast cancer. It is applied by radiation oncologist specialists with special technological devices. The treatment mechanism works by destroying cancer cells or disrupting the DNA structure of the cells.
HORMONOTHERAPY
In some types of the breast cancer, the tumor tissue is sensitive to the hormones estrogen and progesterone. This is detected by the estrogen and progesterone receptor (sensor) test made from the cancerous tissues. Here, women with this type of the breast cancer are treated with hormone therapy for 5 or 10 years, sometimes alone and sometimes after chemotherapy and radiotherapy are completed. Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors are among these drugs. It is used orally in pill form.
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